The Instructor 3.3.23

Summary: The old Roman laws punished effeminacy; the beard is natural beauty, anointed like Aaron's; effeminate men betray their character by their dress, walk, and look, as Sirach says.

Show

Greek text · Stählin 1:249–250

Ἄγαμαι τοὺς παλαιοὺς Ῥωμαίων νομοθέτας· ἀνδρόγυνον ἐμίσησαν ἐπιτήδευσιν οὗτοι, καὶ τοῦ σώματος τὴν πρὸς τὸ θῆλυ κοινωνίαν παρὰ τὸν τῆς φύσεως νόμον ὀρύγματος κατηξίωσαν κατὰ τὸν τῆς δικαιοσύνης νόμον. οὐ γὰρ θέμις ἐκτῖλαί ποτε τὸ γένειον, τὸ κάλλος τὸ σύμφυτον, τὸ γενναῖον κάλλος πρῶτον ὑπηνήτῃ, οὗπερ χαριεστάτη ἥβη. προβαίνων δὲ ἤδη ἐπαλείφεται γανούμενος πώγωνι, ἐφʼ ὃν κατέβαινε τὸ μύρον τὸ προφητικὸν Ἀαρὼν τιμωμένου. χρὴ δὲ τὸν ὀρθῶς παιδαγωγούμενον, ἐφʼ ὃν ἡ εἰρήνη κατεσκήνωσεν, καὶ πρὸς τὰς ἑαυτοῦ τρίχας εἰρήνην ἄγειν. τί τοίνυν οὐκ ἂν ἐπιτηδεύσειαν αἱ γυναῖκες αἱ εἰς μαχλοσύνην σπεύδουσαι, τοιαῦτα τολμῶσιν ἐνοπτριζόμεναι τοῖς ἀνδράσιν; μᾶλλον δὲ οὐκ ἄνδρας, βατάλους δὲ καὶ γύννιδας καλεῖν τούτους χρή, ὧν καὶ αἱ φωναὶ τεθρυμμέναι καὶ ἡ ἐσθὴς τεθηλυμμένη ἁφῇ καὶ βαφῇ. δῆλοι δὲ οἱ τοιοῦτοι ἐλεγχόμενοι τὸν τρόπον ἔξωθεν ἀμπεχόνῃ, ὑποδέσει, σχήματι, βαδίσματι, κουρᾷ, βλέμματι· »ἀπὸ ὁράσεως γὰρ ἐπιγνωσθήσεται ἀνήρ«, ἡ γραφὴ λέγει, »καὶ ἀπὸ ἀπαντήσεως ἀνθρώπου ἐπιγνωσθήσεται ἄνθρωπος· στολισμὸς ἀνδρὸς καὶ βῆμα ποδὸς καὶ γέλως ὀδόντων ἀναγγελεῖ τὰ περὶ αὐτοῦ.«

English · Claude translation

I admire the ancient Roman lawgivers: they hated effeminate practice, and they judged the giving of one's body to be used as a woman, against the law of nature, worthy of the pit, according to the law of justice. It is not right to pluck out the beard, the natural beauty, the noble beauty, “for one whose beard is first growing, whose youth is most charming.” As he advances, he is anointed, delighting in his beard, on which the prophetic ointment of Aaron came down when he was honored. The one rightly instructed, on whom peace has settled, should be at peace with his own hair too. What, then, would women eager for lewdness not practice, when they see themselves mirrored in men who dare such things? Rather, such men should not be called men but catamites and womanish, whose voices are softened and whose clothing is made feminine in touch and dye. Such men are clearly exposed in their character from outside, by their cloak, shoes, posture, walk, haircut, and look. “For a man will be known by his look,” says Scripture, “and a man will be known by meeting him; a man's attire, the step of his foot, and the laughter of his teeth tell about him.”

About this passage

Source
Stählin 1:249–250 · Otto Stählin, ed., Clemens Alexandrinus, vol. 1, Protrepticus und Paedagogus, GCS 12 (Leipzig: Hinrichs, 1905) · Greek text: Otto Stählin, Clemens Alexandrinus 1: Protrepticus und Paedagogus (GCS 12, 1905), digitized by the First Thousand Years of Greek project (Open Greek and Latin), CC BY-SA 4.0
Translation
Claude translation (claude-opus-5-5), 2026-09-26 · Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Stählin (1905); made independently of existing English translations.
Scripture
  • Ps 133:2 (132:2 LXX) · allusion, high confidence
  • Luke 10:6 · echo, medium confidence
Extrabiblical texts
  • Homer, Il. 24.348 (Homer, Iliad) · quotation, high confidence
  • Sir 19:29–30 (Sirach) · quotation, high confidence
Topics
Ethics

Notes

Translation notes

  • The Roman law is probably the lex Scantinia. The quoted verse is Homer, Iliad 24.348 (Odyssey 10.279). The allusions and quotations are Ps 133:2 (132:2 LXX), Luke 10:6, and Sir 19:29–30.

Cite this passage

Clement of Alexandria, Paed. 3.3.23 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/clement-paedagogus/3/3/23/).

Plain text
Clement of Alexandria, Paed. 3.3.23 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/clement-paedagogus/3/3/23/).

Download citation:BibTeX ·RIS (Zotero, EndNote)

Whole work:BibTeX ·RIS ·Markdown text

Report an error in this passage