Miscellanies 1.21.131

Summary: The poems ascribed to Orpheus and Musaeus are late forgeries; the early Greek poets are all dated centuries after Moses.

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Greek text · Stählin 2:81–82

Ναὶ μὴν Ὀνομάκριτος ὁ Ἀθηναῖος, οὗ τὰ εἰς Ὀρφέα φερόμενα ποιήματα λέγεται εἶναι, κατὰ τὴν τῶν Πεισιστρατιδῶν ἀρχὴν περὶ τὴν πεντηκοστὴν ὀλυμπιάδα εὑρίσκεται, Ὀρφεὺς δὲ, ὁ συμπλεύσας Ἡρακλεῖ, Μουσαίου διδάσκαλος· Ἀμφίων γὰρ δυσὶ προάγει γενεαῖς τῶν Ἰλιακῶν, Δημόδοκος δὲ καὶ Φήμιος μετὰ τὴν Ἰλίου ἅλωσιν (ὃ μὲν γὰρ παρὰ τοῖς Φαίαξιν, ὃ δὲ παρὰ τοῖς μνηστῆρσι) κατὰ τὸ κιθαρίζειν εὐδοκίμουν. καὶ τοὺς μὲν ἀναφερομένους εἰς Μουσαῖον χρησμοὺς Ὀνομακρίτου εἶναι λέγουσι, τὸν Κρατῆρα δὲ τὸν Ὀρφέως Ζωπύρου τοῦ Ἡρακλεώτου τήν τε Εἰς Ἅιδου κατάβασιν Προδίκου τοῦ Σαμίου. Ἴων δὲ ὁ Χῖος ἐν τοῖς Τριαγμοῖς καὶ Πυθαγόραν εἰς Ὀρφέα ἀνενεγκεῖν τινα ἱστορεῖ. Ἐπιγένης δὲ ἐν τοῖς Περὶ τῆς εἰς Ὀρφέα ποιήσεως Κέρκωπος εἶναι λέγει τοῦ Πυθαγορείου τὴν Εἰς Ἅιδου κατάβασιν καὶ τὸν Ἱερὸν λόγον, τὸν δὲ Πέπλον καὶ τὰ Φυσικὰ Βροντίνου. ναὶ μὴν καὶ Τέρπανδρον ἀρχαΐζουσί τινες· Ἑλλάνικος γοῦν τοῦτον ἱστορεῖ κατὰ Μίδαν γεγονέναι, Φανίας δὲ πρὸ Τερπάνδρου τιθεὶς Λέσχην τὸν Λέσβιον Ἀρχιλόχου νεώτερον φέρει τὸν Τέρπανδρον, διημιλλῆσθαι δὲ τὸν Λέσχην Ἀρκτίνῳ καὶ νενικηκέναι· Ξάνθος δὲ ὁ Λυδὸς περὶ τὴν ὀκτωκαιδεκάτην ὀλυμπιάδα (ὡς δὲ Διονύσιος, περὶ τὴν πεντεκαιδεκάτην) Θάσον ἐκτίσθαι, ὡς εἶναι συμφανὲς τὸν Ἀρχίλοχον μετὰ τὴν εἰκοστὴν ἤδη γνωρίζεσθαι ὀλυμπιάδα. μέμνηται γοῦν καὶ τῆς Μαγνήτων ἀπωλείας προσφάτως γεγενημένης. Σιμωνίδης μὲν οὖν κατὰ Ἀρχίλοχον φέρεται, Καλλῖνος δὲ πρεσβύτερος οὐ μακρῷ· τῶν γὰρ Μαγνήτων ὁ μὲν Ἀρχίλοχος ἀπολωλότων, ὃ δὲ εὐημερούντων μέμνηται· Εὔμηλος δὲ ὁ Κορίνθιος πρεσβύτερος ὢν ἐπιβεβληκέναι Ἀρχίᾳ τῷ Συρακούσας κτίσαντι.

English · Claude translation

Indeed, Onomacritus of Athens, whose are said to be the poems attributed to Orpheus, is found in the time of the rule of the Pisistratids, about the fiftieth Olympiad; Orpheus, who sailed with Heracles, was the teacher of Musaeus; Amphion precedes the Trojan War by two generations; Demodocus and Phemius were famous for playing the cithara after the capture of Ilium (the one among the Phaeacians, the other among the suitors). And they say that the oracles attributed to Musaeus are by Onomacritus, the Crater of Orpheus by Zopyrus of Heraclea, and the Descent to Hades by Prodicus of Samos. Ion of Chios in his Triagmi relates that Pythagoras too attributed some works to Orpheus. Epigenes, in his work on the poetry attributed to Orpheus, says the Descent to Hades and the Sacred Discourse are by Cercops the Pythagorean, and the Robe and the Physics by Brontinus. Some also make Terpander ancient; Hellanicus relates that he lived in the time of Midas, and Phanias, putting Lesches of Lesbos before Terpander, makes Terpander younger than Archilochus, and says Lesches competed with Arctinus and won. Xanthus the Lydian says that Thasos was founded about the eighteenth Olympiad (Dionysius says about the fifteenth), so that it is clear that Archilochus was already known after the twentieth Olympiad. He mentions the destruction of the Magnesians as recent. Simonides is placed in the time of Archilochus, and Callinus not much earlier; for Archilochus mentions the Magnesians as destroyed, Callinus as prospering. Eumelus of Corinth, being older, overlapped with Archias, the founder of Syracuse.

About this passage

Source
Stählin 2:81–82 · Otto Stählin, ed., Clemens Alexandrinus, vol. 2, Stromata Buch I–VI, GCS 15 (Leipzig: Hinrichs, 1906); vol. 3, Stromata Buch VII und VIII, GCS 17 (Leipzig: Hinrichs, 1909) · Greek text: Otto Stählin, Clemens Alexandrinus 2–3 (GCS 15, 17, 1906–1909), digitized by the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0
Translation
Claude translation (claude-opus-5-5), 2026-09-27 · Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Stählin (1906–1909); made independently of existing English translations.
Topics
Scripture and canon

Notes

Notes on the original text

  • Digital text corrected (wrong breathing on εἶναι; wrong breathing on Ὀρφέως): λέγεται εἷναι, κατὰ τὴν → λέγεται εἶναι, κατὰ τὴν; τὸν Κρατῆρα δὲ τὸν Ὁρφέως → τὸν Κρατῆρα δὲ τὸν Ὀρφέως; Κέρκωπος εἷναι λέγει → Κέρκωπος εἶναι λέγει.

Cite this passage

Clement of Alexandria, Strom. 1.21.131 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/clement-stromata/1/21/131/).

Plain text
Clement of Alexandria, Strom. 1.21.131 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/clement-stromata/1/21/131/).

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