Against Celsus 1.27

Summary: The faith spread worldwide against every power; naturally most converts are simple people, but, as Celsus admits, some are educated.

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Greek text · Koetschau 1:78–79

Ἐξετάζων δέ τις τὰ πράγματα ὄψεται ὅτι μείζω τῆς ἀνθρωπίνης φύσεως ἐτόλμησεν ὁ Ἰησοῦς καὶ τολμήσας ἤνυσε. πάντων γὰρ ἀρχῆθεν ἀντιπραττόντων τῷ σπαρῆναι τὸν λόγον αὐτοῦ ἐπὶ τὴν ὅλην οἰκουμένην, τῶν τε κατὰ καιροὺς βασιλέων καὶ τῶν ὑπʼ αὐτοῖς ἀρχιστρατήγων καὶ ἡγεμόνων πάντων τε ὡς ἔπος εἰπεῖν τῶν ἡντινοῦν ἐξουσίαν ἐγκεχειρισμένων ἔτι δὲ καὶ τῶν κατὰ πόλεις ἀρχόντων καὶ στρατικῶν καὶ δήμων, ἐνίκησε μὴ πεφυκὼς κωλύεσθαι ὡς λόγος θεοῦ. καὶ γενόμενος τοσούτων ἀνταγωνιστῶν ἰσχυρότερος πάσης μὲν Ἑλλάδος ἐπὶ πλεῖον δὲ τῆς βαρβάρου ἐκράτησε καὶ μετεποίησε μυρίας ὅσας ψυχὰς ἐπὶ τὴν κατʼ αὐτὸν θεοσέβειαν. ἀναγκαῖον δʼ ἦν ἐν πλήθει κρατουμένων ὑπὸ τοῦ λόγου, ὧν πολλαπλασίους οἱ ἰδιῶται καὶ ἀγροικότεροι τῶν ἐν λόγοις γεγυμνασμένων, πολλαπλασίους γενέσθαι τοὺς ἰδιώτας καὶ ἀγροικοτέρους τῶν συνετωτέρων. ἀλλὰ μὴ βουληθεὶς ταῦτα ὁ Κέλσος κατανοῆσαι, τὴν τοῦ λόγου φιλανθρωπίαν καὶ φθάνουσαν ἐπὶ πᾶσαν ψυχὴν („ἀπὸ) ἀνατολῆς ἡλίου“ οἴεται εἶναι ἰδιωτικὴν. διὰ τὸ ἰδιωτικὸν καὶ οὐδαμῶς ἐν λόγοις δυνατὸν ἰδιωτῶν μόνων κρατήσασαν, καίτοι οὐδʼ αὐτὸς ἰδιώτας μόνους φησὶν ὑπὸ τοῦ λόγου προσῆχθαι τῇ κατὰ Ἰησοῦν θεοσεβείᾳ· ὁμολογεῖ γὰρ καὶ μετρίους καὶ ἐπιεικεῖς καὶ συνετούς τινας καὶ ἐπʼ ἀλληγορίαν ἑτοίμους εἶναι ἐν αὐτοῖς.

English · Claude translation

Anyone examining the facts will see that Jesus attempted things greater than human nature, and having attempted them, accomplished them. For although from the beginning everyone opposed the sowing of his teaching over the whole world—the emperors of each period, the commanders and governors under them, and, so to speak, all who had been entrusted with any authority whatever, and further the rulers in the cities, the soldiers, and the peoples—it conquered, since as the Word of God it could not by nature be hindered. And having become stronger than so many adversaries, it prevailed over all Greece and still more of the barbarian world, and converted countless souls to the worship of God that he taught. And since among the multitude conquered by the teaching the ordinary and more rustic people are many times more numerous than those trained in learning, it was inevitable that the ordinary and rustic should be many times more numerous than the more intelligent. But Celsus, not wishing to consider this, thinks that the love of humanity of the teaching, which reaches every soul "from the rising of the sun," is vulgar, and that because of its vulgarity and its complete lack of power in argument it has prevailed over the uneducated alone. Yet not even he says that only the uneducated have been brought by the teaching to the worship of God according to Jesus; for he admits that there are among them some who are moderate, reasonable, and intelligent, and ready for allegory.

About this passage

Source
Koetschau 1:78–79 · Paul Koetschau, ed., Origenes Werke 1–2: Gegen Celsus, GCS 2–3 (Leipzig: Hinrichs, 1899) · Greek text: P. Koetschau, Origenes Werke 1–2 (GCS 2–3, 1899), digitized by the Perseus Digital Library and published by the First Thousand Years of Greek project (Open Greek and Latin), CC BY-SA 4.0
Text
As printed in Koetschau, GCS 2–3. Manuscript variants and the editor's apparatus are not reproduced; no textual problem is noted in this passage.
Translation
Claude translation (claude-opus-5-5), 2026-09-27 · Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Koetschau, GCS 2–3; made independently of existing English translations.
Compare
Ante-Nicene Fathers, vol. 4 (1885) (an older public-domain English translation, whole volume at CCEL; checked against ours only after ours was made)
Scripture
Topics
Persecution

Notes

Translation notes

  • "From the rising of the sun" echoes Mal 1:11 (cf. Ps 50:1). λόγος is taken as "the teaching" and, in "as the Word of God," as Christ; Origen plays on both.

Cite this passage

Origen, Cels. 1.27 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/origen-celsum/1/27/).

Plain text
Origen, Cels. 1.27 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/origen-celsum/1/27/).

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