Against Celsus 1.3 · Sophia Scriptura

Summary: Unlike the persecution of Socrates or Pythagoras, the persecution of Christians came from every power in the empire, and only divine power let the faith survive and conquer.

Greek text · Koetschau 1:57–58

Μετὰ ταῦτα περὶ τοῦ κρύφα Χριστιανοὺς τὰ ἀρέσκοντα ἑαυτοῖς ποιεῖν καὶ διδάσκειν εἰπὼν, καὶ ὅτι οὐ μάτην τοῦτο ποιοῦσιν, ἅτε διωθούμενοι τὴν ἐπηρτημένην αὐτοῖς δίκην τοῦ θανάτου, ὁμοιοῖ τὸν κίνδυνον κινδύνοις τοῖς συμβεβηκόσιν ἐπὶ φιλοσοφίᾳ ὡς Σωκράτει· ἐδύνατο λέγειν καὶ ὡς Πυθαγόρᾳ καὶ ἄλλοις φιλοσόφοις. λεκτέον δὲ πρὸς τοῦτο ὅτι ἐπὶ Σωκράτει μὲν εὐθέως Ἀθηναῖοι μετενόησαν, καὶ οὐδὲν παρέμεινεν αὐτοῖς περὶ αὐτοῦ πικρὸν οὐδʼ ἐπὶ Πυθαγόρᾳ· οἱ γοῦν Πυθαγόρειοι ἐπὶ πλεῖον τὰς διατριβὰς συνεστήσαντο ἐν Ἰταλίᾳ, τῇ κληθείσῃ μεγάλῃ Ἑλλάδι· ἐπὶ δὲ Χριστιανοῖς ἡ Ῥωμαίων σύγκλητος βουλὴ καὶ οἱ κατὰ καιρὸν βασιλεῖς καὶ τὰ στρατιωτικὰ καὶ οἱ δῆμοι καὶ οἱ τῶν πιστευόντων συγγενεῖς προσπολεμήσαντες τῷ λόγῳ ἐκώλυσαν ἂν αὐτὸν νικηθέντα ὑπὸ τῆς τῶν τοσούτων ἐπιβουλῆς, εἰ μὴ θείᾳ δυνάμει ὑπερέκυψε καὶ ὑπερανέβη, ὡς νικῆσαι ὅλον κόσμον αὐτῷ ἐπιβουλεύοντα.

English · Claude translation

After this, having said that Christians do and teach what they like in secret, and that they do not do this without reason, since they are warding off the death penalty that hangs over them, he compares their danger with the dangers that befell philosophy, as in the case of Socrates; he could have added Pythagoras and other philosophers too. We must answer this: in the case of Socrates the Athenians at once repented, and no bitterness about him remained among them, nor in the case of Pythagoras; at any rate the Pythagoreans kept up their schools for a long time in Italy, in what was called Magna Graecia. But against the Christians the Roman Senate, the emperors of each period, the army, the peoples, and the relatives of believers made war on the teaching, and they would have stopped it, overcome by the plotting of so many, if by divine power it had not risen above it and climbed over it, so as to conquer the whole world plotting against it.

About this passage

Source

Koetschau 1:57–58 · Paul Koetschau, ed., Origenes Werke 1–2: Gegen Celsus, GCS 2–3 (Leipzig: Hinrichs, 1899) · Greek text: P. Koetschau, Origenes Werke 1–2 (GCS 2–3, 1899), digitized by the Perseus Digital Library and published by the First Thousand Years of Greek project (Open Greek and Latin), CC BY-SA 4.0

Text

As printed in Koetschau, GCS 2–3. Manuscript variants and the editor's apparatus are not reproduced; no textual problem is noted in this passage.

Translation

Claude translation (claude-opus-5-5), 2026-09-27 · Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Koetschau, GCS 2–3; made independently of existing English translations.

Compare

Ante-Nicene Fathers, vol. 4 (1885) (an older public-domain English translation, whole volume at CCEL; checked against ours only after ours was made)

Topics

Persecution

Cite this passage

Origen, Cels. 1.3 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/origen-celsum/1/3/).

Plain text

Origen, Cels. 1.3 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/origen-celsum/1/3/).