Against Celsus 2.10

Summary: Jesus was not caught as a fugitive but gave himself up willingly, as John and Matthew record; the disciples' readiness to die shows they believed what they wrote.

Textual problem in this passage: the printed text is uncertain or disputed here. See the notes.

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Greek text · Koetschau 1:137–138

Τί δὲ καὶ ἐπηγγείλατο ὁ Ἰησοῦς καὶ οὐκ ἐποίησε, παραστησάτω καὶ ἀποδειξάτω ὁ Κέλσος. ἀλλʼ οὐ δυνήσεται, μάλιστα ἐπεὶ εἴτʼ ἐκ παρακουσμάτων εἴτε καὶ ἐξ ἀναγνωσμάτων εὐαγγελικῶν εἴτʼ ἐκ διηγημάτων Ἰουδαϊκῶν οἴεται φέρειν ἃ λέγει κατὰ τοῦ Ἰησοῦ ἢ καθʼ ἡμῶν. ἀλλʼ ἐπεὶ πάλιν ὁ Ἰουδαῖός φησιν ὅτι καὶ ἐλέγξαντες αὐτὸν καὶ καταγνόντες ἠξιοῦμεν κολάζεσθαι. δεικνύτωσαν, πῶς αὐτὸν ἤλεγξαν οἱ ζητοῦντες ψευδομαρτυρίας κατασκευάσαι αὐτῷ· εἰ μὴ ἄρα ὁ μέγας ἔλεγχος κατὰ τοῦ Ἰησοῦ ἦν, ὃν εἶπον οἱ κατήγοροι, ὅτι „οὗτος ἔφη· δύναμαι καταλῦσαι τὸν ναὸν τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ διὰ τριῶν ἡμερῶν ἀναστῆσαι“· ἐπεὶ αὐτὸς μὲν „ἔλεγε περὶ τοῦ ναοῦ τοῦ σώματος αὐτοῦ.“ ἐκεῖνοι δʼ ᾤοντο ὡς μὴ εἰδότες ἀκούειν κατὰ τὸ βούλημα τοῦ λέγοντος ὅτι περὶ τοῦ λιθίνου αὐτῷ ναοῦ ὁ λόγος ἦν, τοῦ τετιμημένου παρὰ Ἰουδαίοις μᾶλλον ἢ ὡς ἐχρῆν τιμᾶσθαι τὸν ὡς ἀληθῶς ναὸν θεοῦ τοῦ λόγου καὶ τῆς σοφίας καὶ τῆς ἀληθείας. λεγέτω δέ τις, πῶς ἐπονειδιστότατα κρυπτόμενος διεδίδρασκεν ὁ Ἰησοῦς· τὸ γὰρ ὀνείδους ἄξιόν τις παραστησάτω. ἀλλʼ ἐπεί φησι καὶ ὅτι ἑάλω. εἴποιμʼ ἂν ὅτι, εἴπερ τὸ ἁλῶναι ἀκούσιόν ἐστιν, οὐχ ἑάλω ὁ Ἰησοῦς· ἑαυτὸν γὰρ ἐν ἐπιτηδείῳ καιρῷ εἰς χεῖρας ἀνθρώπων γενέσθαι οὐκ ἐκώλυσεν ὡς „ἀμνὸς τοῦ θεοῦ, “ ἵνʼ ἄρῃ „τὴν ἁμαρτίαν τοῦ κόσμου.“ „εἰδὼς γοῦν πάντα τὰ ἐρχόμενα ἐπʼ αὐτὸν ἐξῆλθε καὶ λέγει αὐτοῖς· τίνα ζητεῖτε; οἱ δʼ ἀπεκρίθησαν· Ἰησοῦν τὸν Ναζωραῖον. λέγει δὲ αὐτοῖς· ἐγώ εἰμι. εἱστήκει δὲ καὶ Ἰούδας ὁ παραδιδοὺς αὐτὸν μετʼ αὐτῶν. ὡς οὖν εἶπεν αὐτοῖς· ἐγώ εἰμι, ἀπῆλθον εἰς τὰ ὀπίσω καὶ ἔπεσον χαμαί. πάλιν οὖν αὐτὸς ἐπηρώτησε· τίνα ζητεῖτε; οἱ δὲ εἶπον πάλιν· Ἰησοῦν τὸν Ναζωραῖον. ἀπεκρίθη αὐτοῖς ὁ Ἰησοῦς· εἶπον ὑμῖν ὅτι ἐγώ εἰμι· εἰ οὖν ἐμὲ ζητεῖτε, ἄφετε τούτους ὑπάγειν.‘· ἀλλὰ καὶ πρὸς τὸν βουλόμενον αὐτῷ βοηθῆσαι καὶ πατάξαντα „τὸν τοῦ ἀρχιερέως δοῦλον“ καὶ ἀφελόντα „αὐτοῦ τὸ ὠτίον“ εἶπεν· „ἀπόστρεψον τὴν μάχαιράν σου εἰς τὸν τόπον αὐτῆς· πάντες γὰρ οἱ λαβόντες μάχαιραν ἐν μαχαίρᾳ ἀπολοῦνται. ἢ δοκεῖ σοι ὅτι οὐ δύναμαι ἄρτι παρακαλέσαι τὸν πατέρα μου, καὶ παραστήσει μοι ὧδε πλείους ἢ δώδεκα λεγεῶνας ἀγγέλων· πῶς οὖν πληρωθῶσιν αἱ γραφαὶ, ὅτι οὕτως ἔδει γενέσθαι;“ εἰ δὲ πλάσματα τῶν γραψάντων τὰ εὐαγγέλια οἴεταί τις εἶναι κατὰ ταῦτα, πῶς οὐχὶ μᾶλλον πλάσματα μέν ἐστι τὰ τῶν ἀπὸ ἔχθους καὶ μίσους τοῦ πρὸς αὐτὸν καὶ Χριστιανοὺς λεγόντων, ἀλήθεια δὲ (τὰ) τῶν τὸ γνήσιον τῆς πρὸς τὸν Ἰησοῦν διαθέσεως ἀποδειξαμένων ἐν τῷ πᾶν ὅ τι ποτʼ οὖν ὑπομεμενηκέναι διὰ τοὺς λόγους αὐτοῦ; τοσαύτην γὰρ ὑπομονὴν καὶ ἔνστασιν μέχρι θανάτου ἀνειληφέναι τοὺς Ἰησοῦ μαθητὰς μετὰ διαθέσεως ἀναπλασσούσης περὶ τοῦ διδασκάλου τὰ μὴ ὄντα.....; καὶ πολὺ τοῖς εὐγνωμονοῦσι τὸ ἐναργές ἐστι περὶ τοῦ πεπεῖσθαι αὐτοὺς περὶ ὧν ἀνέγραψαν ἐκ τοῦ τηλικαῦτα καὶ τοσαῦτα διὰ τὸν πεπιστευμένον αὐτοῖς εἶναι υἱὸν θεοῦ ὑπομεμενηκέναι.

English · Claude translation

What did Jesus promise and not do? Let Celsus set it out and prove it. But he will not be able to, especially since he thinks he brings what he says against Jesus or against us either from misunderstandings, or from readings of the Gospels, or from Jewish stories. But since the Jew says again, "We convicted and condemned him and judged him worthy of punishment," let them show how those who sought to contrive false witness against him convicted him—unless the great proof against Jesus was what the accusers said, that "this man said: I am able to destroy the temple of God and to raise it in three days." For he "was speaking of the temple of his body," while they, not knowing how to hear according to the intention of the speaker, thought that his words were about the stone temple, which the Jews honored more than the true temple of God the Word, of wisdom and of truth, ought to be honored. And let someone say how Jesus "hid and ran away most disgracefully"; let someone point out what deserves reproach. But since he says also that he "was caught," I would say that if being caught is involuntary, Jesus was not caught. For at the suitable time he did not prevent himself from coming into the hands of men, as "the Lamb of God," that he might take away "the sin of the world." "Knowing all that was coming upon him, he went out and said to them: Whom do you seek? They answered: Jesus of Nazareth. He said to them: I am he. Judas, who was betraying him, was standing with them. When he said to them, I am he, they drew back and fell to the ground. So he asked them again: Whom do you seek? And they said again: Jesus of Nazareth. Jesus answered them: I told you that I am he; so if you seek me, let these men go." And to the one who wished to help him and struck "the high priest's slave" and cut off "his ear," he said: "Put your sword back into its place; for all who take the sword will perish by the sword. Or do you think that I cannot now appeal to my Father, and he will at once send me more than twelve legions of angels? How then would the Scriptures be fulfilled, that it must happen so?" If someone thinks these things are inventions of those who wrote the Gospels, why are not rather the words of those who speak from enmity and hatred toward him and the Christians inventions, and the words of those who showed the genuineness of their devotion to Jesus by enduring anything whatever for his words the truth? For that the disciples of Jesus took upon themselves such endurance and steadfastness even to death, while inventing things about their teacher that were not so … And to the fair-minded the evidence is great that they were persuaded of what they wrote, from their having endured such great and so many things for the one they believed to be the Son of God.

About this passage

Source
Koetschau 1:137–138 · Paul Koetschau, ed., Origenes Werke 1–2: Gegen Celsus, GCS 2–3 (Leipzig: Hinrichs, 1899) · Greek text: P. Koetschau, Origenes Werke 1–2 (GCS 2–3, 1899), digitized by the Perseus Digital Library and published by the First Thousand Years of Greek project (Open Greek and Latin), CC BY-SA 4.0
Text
As printed in Koetschau, GCS 2–3. Manuscript variants and the editor's apparatus are not reproduced; the problem in this passage is discussed in the notes.
Translation
Claude translation (claude-opus-5-5), 2026-09-27 · Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Koetschau, GCS 2–3; made independently of existing English translations.
Compare
Ante-Nicene Fathers, vol. 4 (1885) (an older public-domain English translation, whole volume at CCEL; checked against ours only after ours was made)
Scripture
Topics
Christology, Martyrdom

Notes

Translation notes

  • The quotations are Matt 26:61, John 2:21, John 1:29, John 18:4–8, and Matt 26:51–54. There is a gap in the text after τὰ μὴ ὄντα (marked by dots in the edition); the sense is presumably "is not credible."

Notes on the original text

  • Digital text corrected (stray period inside the comparison; stray period inside the sentence): ἐποίησε. παραστησάτω → ἐποίησε, παραστησάτω; Ἰησοῦ ἦν. ὃν → Ἰησοῦ ἦν, ὃν; μᾶλλον. ἢ ὡς → μᾶλλον ἢ ὡς.

Cite this passage

Origen, Cels. 2.10 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/origen-celsum/2/10/).

Plain text
Origen, Cels. 2.10 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/origen-celsum/2/10/).

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