Against Celsus 2.52

Summary: Origen asks Celsus's Jew why he accepts Moses' miracles as divine but rejects Jesus', when Jesus did a greater work in founding a new way of life among the nations.

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Greek text · Koetschau 1:175–176

Ἐπεὶ δʼ Ἰουδαῖός ἐστιν ὁ παρὰ τῷ Κέλσῳ ταῦτα λέγων. εἴποιμεν ἂν πρὸς αὐτόν· σὺ δὲ δὴ, ὦ οὗτος, τί δή ποτε τὰ μὲν παρὰ σοὶ γεγραμμένα ὡς ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ διὰ Μωϋσέως ἐπιτελεσθέντα θεῖα εἶναι πεπίστευκας καὶ πειρᾷ πρὸς τοὺς διαβάλλοντας αὐτὰ ὡς κατὰ γοητείαν γεγενημένα ὁμοίως τοῖς παρʼ Αἰγυπτίων σοφῶν ἐπιτελουμένοις διαλέγεσθαι, τὰ δὲ ἀπὸ τοῦ Ἰησοῦ καὶ παρὰ σοὶ ὁμολογούμενα γεγονέναι τοὺς κατὰ σοῦ Αἰγυπτίους μιμούμενος κατηγορεῖς ὡς οὐ θεῖα; εἰ γὰρ τὸ τέλος καὶ ὅλον τὸ ἔθνος συστὰν διὰ τῶν ἐν Μωϋσεῖ τεραστίων τὴν ἐνάργειαν τοῦ θεὸν εἶναι τὸν ταῦτα ποιήσαντα γενέσθαι συνίστησιν ἐπὶ Μωϋσέως, πῶς οὐχὶ μᾶλλον τὸ τοιοῦτον ἐπὶ τῷ Ἰησοῦ δειχθήσεται, μεῖζον ποιήσαντι παρὰ τὸ Μωϋσέως ἔργον; ἐκεῖνος μὲν γὰρ τοὺς ἀπὸ τοῦ ἔθνους ἐκ σπέρματος Ἀβραὰμ κατὰ διαδοχὴν τὴν περιτομὴν φυλάξαντας καὶ τῶν ἐθῶν τοῦ Ἀβραὰμ γενομένους ζηλωτὰς ἑτοιμοτέρους παραλαβὼν ἐξήγαγεν ἐκ τῆς Αἰγύπτου, τοὺς θείους, οὓς πεπίστευκας, παρατιθέμενος αὐτοῖς νόμους· οὗτος δὲ μεῖζόν τι τολμήσας ἐπεισήγαγε τῇ προκαταλαβούσῃ πολιτείᾳ καὶ ἔθεσι πατρῴοις καὶ ἀνατροφαῖς ταῖς κατὰ τοὺς κειμένους νόμους τὴν κατὰ τὸ εὐαγγέλιον πολιτείαν. καὶ ὥσπερ ἔχρῃζεν, ἵνα Μωϋσῆς πιστευθῇ οὐ μόνον ὑπὸ τῆς γερουσίας ἀλλὰ καὶ τοῦ λαοῦ, σημείων ὧν πεποιηκέναι ἀναγέγραπται, διὰ τί οὐχὶ καὶ Ἰησοῦς. ἵνα πιστευθῇ ὑπὸ τῶν ἀπὸ τοῦ λαοῦ μεμαθηκότων „σημεῖα καὶ τέρατα“ αἰτεῖν, δεήσεται τοιούτων δυνάμεων, αἳ διὰ τὸ μεῖζον καὶ θειότερον συγκρίσει τῶν διὰ Μωϋσέως οἷαί τε ἦσαν ἀποστῆσαι μὲν τῆς Ἰουδαϊκῆς μυθολογίας καὶ τῶν ἀνθρωπίνων παρʼ αὐτοῖς παραδόσεων ποιῆσαι δὲ παραδέξασθαι τὸν ταῦτα διδάσκοντα καὶ ἐπιτελοῦντα, ὅτι μείζων τῶν προφητῶν ἦν; πῶς γὰρ οὐ μείζων τῶν προφητῶν ἦν ὁ ὑπὸ τῶν προφητῶν ὡς Χριστὸς καὶ σωτὴρ τοῦ γένους τῶν ἀνθρώπων εἶναι κηρυσσόμενος;

English · Claude translation

Since the one who says these things in Celsus is a Jew, we might say to him: “You, sir, why have you believed that what is written in your books as accomplished by God through Moses is divine, and try to argue against those who slander it as done by sorcery like the works of the wise men of Egypt, while you, imitating the Egyptians who oppose you, accuse what Jesus did, which even you admit happened, of not being divine? For if the outcome, and the whole nation formed through the wonders in Moses, establishes clearly that it was God who did these things in the time of Moses, how will this not be shown still more in the case of Jesus, who did a greater work than Moses? Moses took those of the nation descended from Abraham, who had kept circumcision by succession and were zealous for the customs of Abraham, and so were more ready, and led them out of Egypt, setting before them the divine laws which you have believed. But Jesus, daring something greater, brought in the way of life according to the gospel in place of the established way of life, ancestral customs, and upbringing according to the existing laws. And just as there was need, for Moses to be believed not only by the elders but also by the people, of the signs he is recorded to have done, why would Jesus not also, to be believed by those of the people who had learned to ask for ‘signs and wonders,’ need such miracles as, being greater and more divine than those through Moses, could draw them away from Jewish fables and the human traditions among them, and make them accept the one who taught and did these things as greater than the prophets? For how was he not greater than the prophets, who was proclaimed by the prophets as the Christ and Savior of the human race?”

About this passage

Source
Koetschau 1:175–176 · Paul Koetschau, ed., Origenes Werke 1–2: Gegen Celsus, GCS 2–3 (Leipzig: Hinrichs, 1899) · Greek text: P. Koetschau, Origenes Werke 1–2 (GCS 2–3, 1899), digitized by the Perseus Digital Library and published by the First Thousand Years of Greek project (Open Greek and Latin), CC BY-SA 4.0
Text
As printed in Koetschau, GCS 2–3. Manuscript variants and the editor's apparatus are not reproduced; no textual problem is noted in this passage.
Translation
Claude translation (claude-opus-5-5), 2026-09-27 · Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Koetschau, GCS 2–3; made independently of existing English translations.
Compare
Ante-Nicene Fathers, vol. 4 (1885) (an older public-domain English translation, whole volume at CCEL; checked against ours only after ours was made)
Scripture
Topics
Christology

Notes

Translation notes

  • The allusions are Exod 4:29–31 (belief of the elders and people) and John 4:48 (“signs and wonders”); “human traditions” echoes Mark 7:8. The phrase “Jewish fables” echoes Titus 1:14.

Cite this passage

Origen, Cels. 2.52 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/origen-celsum/2/52/).

Plain text
Origen, Cels. 2.52 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/origen-celsum/2/52/).

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