Against Celsus 2.79
Summary: Origen closes Book 2 by arguing that no mere man could have spread his teaching across the world against all opposition and transformed so many lives, since Christ is the power and wisdom of God.
Greek text · Koetschau 1:201–202
Εἶτʼ ἐπίλογος τοῦ Ἰουδαίου ἐπὶ τούτοις πᾶσί φησι περὶ τοῦ Ἰησοῦ· ἐκεῖνος μὲν οὖν ἄνθρωπος ἦν, καὶ τοιοῦτος. οἷον αὐτὸ τὸ ἀληθὲς ἐμφανίζει καὶ ὁ λόγος δείκνυσιν. οὐκ οἶδα δὲ εἰ ἄνθρωπος, τολμήσας ἐπισπεῖραι πάσῃ τῇ οἰκουμένῃ τὴν κατʼ αὐτὸν θεοσέβειαν καὶ διδασκαλίαν, δύναται ἀθεεὶ ποιῆσαι ὃ βούλεται καὶ κρείττων γενέσθαι πάντων τῶν ἀντιπραττόντων τῇ νομῇ τῆς διδασκαλίας αὐτοῦ, βασιλέων τε καὶ ἡγουμένων καὶ συγκλήτου βουλῆς Ῥωμαίων καὶ τῶν πανταχοῦ ἀρχόντων καὶ δήμου. πῶς δὲ καὶ ἀνθρώπου φύσις, μηδὲν ἔχουσα κρεῖττον ἐν ἑαυτῇ, δύναται τοσοῦτον ἐπιστρέψαι πλῆθος; καὶ οὐ θαυμαστὸν εἰ τῶν φρονίμων ἀλλὰ καὶ τῶν ἀλογωτάτων καὶ τοῖς πάθεσιν ἐγκειμένων καὶ ὅσον ἐπὶ τῇ ἀλογίᾳ χαλεπώτερον μετατιθεμένων εἰς τὸ σωφρονέστερον. ἀλλʼ ἐπεὶ δύναμις τοῦ θεοῦ ὁ Χριστὸς ἦν καὶ σοφία τοῦ πατρὸς. διὰ τοῦτο ταῦτα πεποίηκε καὶ ἔτι ποιεῖ, κἂν μήτε Ἰουδαῖοι μήτε Ἕλληνες βούλωνται. οἱ ἀπιστοῦντες αὐτοῦ τῷ λόγῳ. ἡμεῖς οὖν οὐ παυσόμεθα πιστεύοντες τῷ θεῷ κατὰ τὰς Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ ὑποθήκας καὶ τοὺς τυφλώττοντας περὶ θεοσέβειαν ἐθέλοντες ἐπιστρέφειν, κἂν οἱ ἀληθῶς τυφλώττοντες λοιδορῶνται ἡμῖν ὡς τυφλώττουσι καὶ οἱ βουκολοῦντες, εἴτε Ἰουδαῖοι εἴτε Ἕλληνες. τοὺς συγκατατιθεμένους αὐτοῖς ἡμῖν ἐγκαλῶσιν ὡς βουκολοῦσι τοὺς ἀνθρώπους· καλήν γε βουκόλησιν, ἵνʼ ἀντὶ ἀκολάστων σώφρονες γένωνται ἢ προκόπτοντές γε ἐπὶ σωφροσύνην, καὶ ἀντὶ ἀδίκων δίκαιοι ἢ προκόπτοντες ἐπὶ δικαιοσύνην, καὶ ἀντὶ ἀφρόνων φρόνιμοι ἢ ὁδεύοντες ἐπὶ τὴν φρόνησιν, καὶ ἀντὶ δειλῶν καὶ ἀγεννῶν καὶ ἀνάνδρων ἀνδρεῖοι καὶ καρτερικοὶ, καὶ μάλιστα τοῦτο ἐπιδεικνύμενοι ἐν τοῖς ὑπὲρ εὐσεβείας τῆς εἰς τὸν κτίσαντα ὅλα θεὸν ἀγῶσιν. ἦλθεν οὖν οὐχ ὑπὸ ἑνὸς προφήτου ἀλλʼ ὑπὸ πάντων προκηρυχθεὶς Ἰησοῦς Χριστός. καὶ τοῦτο δὲ τῆς ἀμαθίας ἦν Κέλσου, περιθεῖναι τῷ Ἰουδαϊκῷ προσώπῳ ἕνα προφήτην προειρηκέναι περὶ τοῦ Χριστοῦ. καὶ ἐπεὶ ταῦτα ὁ παρὰ τῷ Κέλσῳ Ἰουδαῖος εἰσῆκται λέγων ὡς δῆθεν κατὰ τὸν ἑαυτοῦ νόμον καὶ αὐτοῦ που κατέπαυσε τὸν λόγον. καὶ ἄλλα εἰπὼν οὐ μνήμης ἄξια. καὶ αὐτὸς ἐνθάδε καταπαύσω τὸ δεύτερον τῶν πρὸς τὸ σύγγραμμα αὐτοῦ ὑπαγορευθέντων μοι. θεοῦ δὲ διδόντος καὶ τῆς Χριστοῦ δυνάμεως τῇ ψυχῇ ἡμῶν ἐπιδημούσης. πειρασόμεθα ἐν τῷ τρίτῳ πρὸς τὰ ἑξῆς τῷ Κέλσῳ γραφέντα πραγματεύσασθαι.
English · Claude translation
Then, as the Jew's conclusion to all this, he says of Jesus: “He, then, was a man, and such a man as the truth itself makes plain and reason shows.” I do not know whether a man who dared to sow throughout the whole world the worship of God and the teaching that he brought could, without God, do what he wishes and prevail over all who opposed the spread of his teaching: kings, governors, the Roman senate, rulers everywhere, and the people. And how could a human nature having nothing greater in itself convert so great a multitude? And it is no wonder if it converted the sensible; but it converted also the most irrational and those given over to their passions, who because of their irrationality are harder to change to a more self-controlled life. But since Christ was the power of God and the wisdom of the Father, for this reason he has done these things and still does them, even if neither Jews nor Greeks, who disbelieve his word, wish it. We then shall not cease believing in God according to the precepts of Jesus Christ and wishing to turn those who are blind concerning the worship of God, even if those who are truly blind revile us as blind, and those who lead astray, whether Jews or Greeks, accuse us, who seek to bring people to agree with us, of leading people astray. A fine leading astray indeed, that from being licentious they become self-controlled, or at least make progress toward self-control; from unjust, just, or making progress toward justice; from foolish, wise, or on the way to wisdom; and from cowardly, ignoble, and unmanly, brave and steadfast, showing this especially in their contests for piety toward God, who created all things. Jesus Christ, then, came, proclaimed beforehand not by one prophet but by all. And this too belonged to Celsus's ignorance, to make the Jewish character say that one prophet foretold the Christ. And since the Jew in Celsus is introduced saying these things, supposedly according to his own law, and there somewhere ended his speech, after saying other things not worth remembering, I too shall here end the second book dictated by me in reply to his treatise. God granting, and the power of Christ dwelling in our soul, we shall try in the third to deal with what Celsus wrote next.
About this passage
Notes
Translation notes
- “The power of God and the wisdom” alludes to 1 Cor 1:24. βουκολέω (literally “to herd cattle”) is used for leading people astray or beguiling; Origen plays on it as a “fine herding.”
Cite this passage
Origen, Cels. 2.79 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/origen-celsum/2/79/).
Plain text
Origen, Cels. 2.79 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/origen-celsum/2/79/).
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