Against Celsus 5.14
Summary: Celsus ridicules the Christian hope of bodily resurrection as 'the hope of worms,' calling it impossible and unworthy of God, who cannot act against reason.
Greek text · Koetschau 2:15–16
Λέγει οὖν ταῦτα· ἠλίθιον δʼ αὐτῶν καὶ τὸ νομίζειν, ἐπειδὰν ὁ θεὸς ὥσπερ μάγειρος ἐπενέγκῃ τὸ πῦρ, τὸ μὲν ἄλλο πᾶν ἐξοπτήσεσθαι γένος, αὐτοὺς δὲ μόνους διαμενεῖν, οὐ μόνον τοὺς ζῶντας ἀλλὰ καὶ τοὺς πάλαι ποτὲ ἀποθανόντας αὐταῖς σαρξὶν ἐκείναις ἀπὸ τῆς γῆς ἀναδύντας, ἀτεχνῶς σκωλήκων ἡ ἐλπίς. ποία γὰρ ἀνθρώπου ψυχὴ ποθήσειεν ἔτι σῶμα σεσηπός; ὁπότε μηδʼ ὑμῶν τοῦτο τὸ δόγμα καὶ τῶν Χριστιανῶν ἐνίοις κοινόν ἐστι, καὶ τὸ σφόδρα μιαρὸν αὐτοῦ καὶ ἀπόπτυστον ἅμα καὶ ἀδύνατον ἀποφαίνειν· ποῖον γὰρ σῶμα πάντῃ διαφθαρὲν οἷόν τε ἐπανελθεῖν εἰς τὴν ἐξ ἀρχῆς φύσιν καὶ αὐτὴν ἐκείνην, ἐξ ἧς ἐλύθη, τὴν πρώτην σύστασιν; οὐδὲν ἔχοντες ἀποκρίνασθαι καταφεύγουσιν εἰς ἀτοπωτάτην ἀναχώρησιν, ὅτι πᾶν δυνατὸν τῷ θεῷ. ἀλλʼ οὔτι γε τὰ αἰσχρὰ ὁ θεὸς δύναται οὐδὲ τὰ παρὰ φύσιν βούλεται· οὐδʼ ἂν σύ τι ἐπιθυμήσῃς κατὰ τὴν σαυτοῦ μοχθηρίαν βδελυρὸν, ὁ θεὸς τοῦτο δυνήσεται, καὶ χρὴ πιστεύειν εὐθὺς ὅτι ἔσται. οὐ γὰρ τῆς πλημμελοῦς ὀρέξεως οὐδὲ τῆς πεπλανημένης ἀκοσμίας ἀλλὰ τῆς ὀρθῆς καὶ δικαίας φύσεως ὁ θεός ἐστιν ἀρχηγέτης. καὶ ψυχῆς μὲν αἰώνιον βιοτὴν δύναιτʼ ἂν παρασχεῖν· „νέκυες δὲ, “ φησὶν Ἡράκλειτος, „κοπρίων ἐκβλητότεροι.“ σάρκα δὴ, μεστὴν ὧν οὐδὲ εἰπεῖν καλὸν, αἰώνιον ἀποφῆναι παραλόγως οὔτε βουλήσεται ὁ θεὸς οὔτε δυνήσεται. αὐτὸς γάρ ἐστιν ὁ πάντων τῶν ὄντων λόγος· οὐδὲν οὖν οἷός τε παράλογον οὐδὲ παρʼ ἑαυτὸν ἐργάσασθαι.
English · Claude translation
He says, then, this: "It is also foolish of them to think that when God, like a cook, brings on the fire, all the rest of the race will be roasted, while they alone will remain, not only the living but also those who died long ago, rising up from the earth with those very same bodies of flesh: plainly the hope of worms. For what sort of human soul would still long for a body that has rotted? Especially as this doctrine of yours is not shared even by some of the Christians, and they declare it very foul, abominable, and at the same time impossible. For what sort of body, utterly corrupted, could return to its original nature, and to that very first composition from which it was dissolved? Having nothing to answer, they take refuge in a most absurd escape, that everything is possible for God. But God cannot do shameful things, nor does he will what is contrary to nature; nor is it the case that, if you desire something loathsome in your own wickedness, God will be able to do it and one must believe at once that it will be. For God is the author not of faulty appetite nor of wandering disorder, but of right and just nature. He could provide everlasting life for the soul; but 'corpses,' says Heraclitus, 'are more fit to be thrown out than dung.' As for flesh, full of things it is not even decent to name, God will neither wish nor be able to make it everlasting contrary to reason. For he himself is the reason of all things that exist; so he cannot do anything contrary to reason or contrary to himself."
About this passage
Notes
Translation notes
- The saying of Heraclitus is fragment B96 Diels–Kranz. "Some of you Christians" probably refers to Gnostic groups who denied the resurrection of the flesh. Celsus's closing play on λόγος ("reason"/"Word") is his own.
Cite this passage
Origen, Cels. 5.14 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/origen-celsum/5/14/).
Plain text
Origen, Cels. 5.14 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/origen-celsum/5/14/).
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