Against Celsus 6.3

Summary: Plato rightly said that the highest good cannot be put into words but dawns on the soul like a spark, yet, as Paul says in Romans, those who know the truth about God without worshipping him rightly are without excuse.

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Greek text · Koetschau 2:72–73

Παλαιοὶ τοίνυν ἄνδρες καὶ σοφοὶ δηλούσθωσαν τοῖς ἐπίστασθαι δυναμένοις, καὶ δὴ καὶ Πλάτων ὁ τοῦ Ἀρίστωνος τὰ περὶ τοῦ πρώτου ἀγαθοῦ διασημαινέτω ἔν τινι τῶν ἐπιστολῶν καὶ φασκέτω μηδαμῶς εἶναι „ῥητὸν“ τὸ πρῶτον ἀγαθὸν, „ἀλλʼ ἐκ πολλῆς συνουσίας“ ἐγγινόμενον καὶ „ἐξαίφνης οἷον ἀπὸ πυρὸς πηδήσαντος ἐξαφθὲν φῶς ἐν τῇ ψυχῇ“· ὧν καὶ ἡμεῖς ἀκούσαντες συγκατατιθέμεθα ὡς καλῶς λεγομένοις, „ὁ θεὸς γὰρ αὐτοῖς“ ταῦτα καὶ ὅσα καλῶς λέλεκται „ἐφανέρωσε.“ διὰ τοῦτο δὲ καὶ τοὺς τὰ ἀληθῆ περὶ θεοῦ ὑπολαβόντας καὶ μὴ τὴν ἀξίαν τῆς περὶ αὐτοῦ ἀληθείας θεοσέβειαν ἀσκήσαντάς φαμεν ὑποκεῖσθαι ταῖς τῶν ἁμαρτανόντων κολάσεσιν. αὐταῖς γὰρ λέξεσί φησι περὶ τῶν τοιούτων ὁ Παῦλος ὅτι „ἀποκαλύπτεται ὀργὴ θεοῦ ἀπʼ οὐρανοῦ ἐπὶ πᾶσαν ἀσέβειαν καὶ ἀδικίαν ἀνθρώπων τῶν τὴν ἀλήθειαν ἐν ἀδικίᾳ κατεχόντων, διότι τὸ γνωστὸν τοῦ θεοῦ φανερόν ἐστιν ἐν αὐτοῖς· ὁ θεὸς γὰρ αὐτοῖς ἐφανέρωσε. τὰ γὰρ ἀόρατα αὐτοῦ ἀπὸ κτίσεως κόσμου τοῖς ποιήμασι νοούμενα καθορᾶται, ἥ τε ἀίδιος αὐτοῦ δύναμις καὶ θειότης, εἰς τὸ εἶναι αὐτοὺς ἀναπολογήτους, διότι γνόντες τὸν θεὸν οὐχ ὡς θεὸν ἐδόξασαν ἢ ηὐχαρίστησαν, ἀλλʼ ἐματαιώθησαν ἐν τοῖς διαλογισμοῖς αὐτῶν, καὶ ἐσκοτίσθη ἡ ἀσύνετος αὐτῶν καρδία. φάσκοντες εἶναι σοφοὶ ἐμωράνθησαν, καὶ ἤλλαξαν τὴν δόξαν τοῦ ἀφθάρτου θεοῦ ἐν ὁμοιώματι εἰκόνος φθαρτοῦ ἀνθρώπου καὶ πετεινῶν καὶ τετραπόδων καὶ ἑρπετῶν.“ καὶ „ἀλήθειαν“ γοῦν κατέχουσιν, ὡς καὶ ὁ ἡμέτερος μαρτυρεῖ λόγος, οἱ φρονοῦντες ὅτι „ῥητὸν οὐδαμῶς ἐστι“ τὸ πρῶτον ἀγαθὸν καὶ λέγοντες ὡς „ἐκ πολλῆς συνουσίας γινομένης περὶ τὸ πρᾶγμα αὐτὸ καὶ τοῦ συζῆν ἐξαίφνης οἷον ἀπὸ πυρὸς πηδήσαντος ἐξαφθὲν φῶς ἐν τῇ ψυχῇ γενόμενον αὐτὸ ἑαυτὸ ἤδη τρέφει.“

English · Claude translation

Let the ancient and wise men, then, make themselves known to those who are able to understand; and let Plato, the son of Ariston, point out what concerns the first good in one of his letters, and say that the first good is in no way “expressible,” “but from long association” it comes to be, and “suddenly, like light kindled from a leaping fire, in the soul.” When we hear these words we too agree with them as well said, “for God revealed” these things “to them,” and whatever else has been well said. For this very reason we say that those who have grasped the truth about God, but have not practised the piety worthy of the truth about him, are liable to the punishments of sinners. For Paul says of such people in these very words: “The wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness and unrighteousness of men who hold down the truth in unrighteousness, because what can be known of God is manifest among them; for God revealed it to them. For his invisible things are clearly seen from the creation of the world, being understood by the things that are made, both his eternal power and divinity, so that they are without excuse; because, although they knew God, they did not glorify him as God or give thanks, but became futile in their reasonings, and their senseless heart was darkened. Claiming to be wise, they became fools, and exchanged the glory of the incorruptible God for the likeness of an image of corruptible man and of birds and four-footed beasts and creeping things.” So those who hold that the first good is “in no way expressible,” and who say that “from long association with the matter itself and living with it, suddenly, like light kindled from a leaping fire, it comes to be in the soul and then nourishes itself,” do “hold” the “truth,” as our own Scripture also testifies.

About this passage

Source
Koetschau 2:72–73 · Paul Koetschau, ed., Origenes Werke 1–2: Gegen Celsus, GCS 2–3 (Leipzig: Hinrichs, 1899) · Greek text: P. Koetschau, Origenes Werke 1–2 (GCS 2–3, 1899), digitized by the Perseus Digital Library and published by the First Thousand Years of Greek project (Open Greek and Latin), CC BY-SA 4.0
Text
As printed in Koetschau, GCS 2–3. Manuscript variants and the editor's apparatus are not reproduced; no textual problem is noted in this passage.
Translation
Claude translation (claude-opus-5-5), 2026-09-27 · Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Koetschau, GCS 2–3; made independently of existing English translations.
Compare
Ante-Nicene Fathers, vol. 4 (1885) (an older public-domain English translation, whole volume at CCEL; checked against ours only after ours was made)
Scripture
Extrabiblical texts
  • Plato, Ep. 7.341c–d (Plato (works)) · quotation, high confidence

Notes

Translation notes

  • The Platonic quotations are Plato, Letter 7, 341c–d. The Pauline quotation is Rom 1:18–23.

Cite this passage

Origen, Cels. 6.3 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/origen-celsum/6/3/).

Plain text
Origen, Cels. 6.3 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/origen-celsum/6/3/).

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