Against Celsus 7.57

Summary: Jonah preached to one city and fled his mission, while Jesus preached to the whole world and died for humankind; Jesus gave his followers authority over all the enemy's power, greater than Daniel's deliverance.

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Greek text · Koetschau 2:206–207

Εἶθʼ ἑξῆς ὡσπερεὶ σκοπὸν ἔχων τὸ συμπληροῦν βιβλίον ἐβούλετο ἡμᾶς μᾶλλον τὸν Ἰωνᾶν νομίσαι θεὸν ἤπερ Ἰησοῦν, Ἰωνᾶν, τὸν κηρύξαντα μετάνοιαν μιᾷ πόλει τῇ Νινευὴ, προκρίνων Ἰησοῦ, τοῦ κηρύξαντος μετάνοιαν ὅλῳ τῷ κόσμῳ καὶ μᾶλλον ἐκείνου ἀνύσαντος. καὶ τὸν μὲν „ἐν τῇ κοιλίᾳ τοῦ κήτους“ τεραστίως ποιήσαντα καὶ παραδόξως „τρεῖς ἡμέρας καὶ τρεῖς νύκτας“ ἐβούλετο ἡμᾶς ἀναγορεῦσαι θεὸν, τὸν δʼ ἀναδεξάμενον ὑπὲρ ἀνθρώπων ἀποθανεῖν οὐκ ἤθελε Κέλσος, μαρτυρούμενον ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ διὰ τῶν προφητῶν, ἄξιον εἶναι τῆς δευτερευούσης μετὰ τὸν θεὸν τῶν ὅλων, διʼ ἃ ἐποίησεν ἐν οὐρανῷ καὶ ἐπὶ γῆς ἀνδραγαθήματα, τιμῆς. καὶ Ἰωνᾶς μὲν, ἵνα μὴ κηρύξῃ τὸ προστεταγμένον ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ, κατεπόθη ὑπὸ τοῦ κήτους, Ἰησοῦς δὲ, ἐπεὶ ἐδίδαξεν ἅπερ ὁ θεὸς ἐβούλετο, τὸν ὑπὲρ ἀνθρώπων θάνατον ἀνεδέξατο. ἑξῆς δέ φησιν ὅτι ἔδει μᾶλλον τὸν Δανιὴλ, ἀναβάντα ἀπὸ τῶν λεόντων, προσκυνεῖσθαι ὑφʼ ἡμῶν ἤπερ τὸν Ἰησοῦν. τὴν ἀγριότητα πάσης δυνάμεως ἀντικειμένης καταπατήσαντα καὶ ἡμῖν δόντα „ἐξουσίαν πατεῖν ἐπάνω ὄφεων καὶ σκορπίων καὶ ἐπὶ πᾶσαν τὴν δύναμιν τοῦ ἐχθροῦ“. εἶτα μὴ ἔχων ἄλλους λέγειν φησίν· ἢ οἱ τῶνδε ἔτι τερατωδέστεροι, ἅμα ἵνα λοιδορήσῃ τὸν Ἰωνᾶν καὶ τὸν Δανιήλ· τὸ γὰρ ἐν Κέλσῳ πνεῦμα εὐλογεῖν δικαίους οὐκ ἠπίστατο.

English · Claude translation

Then next, as though his aim were to fill up a book, he wanted us to consider Jonah rather than Jesus a god, preferring Jonah, who preached repentance to one city, Nineveh, to Jesus, who preached repentance to the whole world and accomplished more than he. And he wanted us to proclaim as a god the one who spent “three days and three nights” marvellously and extraordinarily “in the belly of the sea monster,” but Celsus would not have the one who undertook to die for men, witnessed to by God through the prophets, be worthy of the honour second after the God of the universe, for the noble deeds he did in heaven and on earth. And Jonah was swallowed by the sea monster so as not to preach what God had commanded, but Jesus, because he taught what God willed, undertook death for men. Next he says that Daniel, who came up from the lions, ought to be worshipped by us rather than Jesus, who trampled on the savagery of every opposing power and gave us “authority to tread upon serpents and scorpions and over all the power of the enemy.” Then, having no others to name, he says, “or others more marvellous still than these,” so as to revile Jonah and Daniel at the same time; for the spirit in Celsus did not know how to speak well of the righteous.

About this passage

Source
Koetschau 2:206–207 · Paul Koetschau, ed., Origenes Werke 1–2: Gegen Celsus, GCS 2–3 (Leipzig: Hinrichs, 1899) · Greek text: P. Koetschau, Origenes Werke 1–2 (GCS 2–3, 1899), digitized by the Perseus Digital Library and published by the First Thousand Years of Greek project (Open Greek and Latin), CC BY-SA 4.0
Text
As printed in Koetschau, GCS 2–3. Manuscript variants and the editor's apparatus are not reproduced; no textual problem is noted in this passage.
Translation
Claude translation (claude-opus-5-5), 2026-09-27 · Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Koetschau, GCS 2–3; made independently of existing English translations.
Compare
Ante-Nicene Fathers, vol. 4 (1885) (an older public-domain English translation, whole volume at CCEL; checked against ours only after ours was made)
Scripture
Topics
Christology

Notes

Translation notes

  • The quotations and allusions are Jonah 3:4, Jonah 1:17 (2:1 LXX), Matt 12:40, Dan 6, and Luke 10:19.

Notes on the original text

  • Digital text corrected (stray punctuation in the digital text): ἵνα·μὴ → ἵνα μὴ.

Cite this passage

Origen, Cels. 7.57 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/origen-celsum/7/57/).

Plain text
Origen, Cels. 7.57 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/origen-celsum/7/57/).

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