Oration to the Greeks 11
Summary: The Christian is free of ambition, greed, and fear of death; death came through human free will and sin, not through fate or God.
Greek text · Otto 6:48–52
Πῶς οὖν γένεσιν τὴν καθʼ εἱμαρμένην ἀποδέξομαι, τοιούτους αὐτῆς τοὺς οἰκονόμους θεωρῶν; Βασιλεύειν οὐ θέλω, πλουτεῖν οὐ βούλομαι, τὴν στρατηγίαν παρῄτημαι, πορνείαν μεμίσηκα, ναυτίλλεσθαι διὰ τὴν ἀπληστίαν οὐκ ἐπιτηδεύω, στεφάνους ἔχειν οὐκ ἀγωνίζομαι, δοξομανίας ἀπήλλαγμαι, θανάτου καταφρονῶ, νόσου παντοδαπῆς ἀνώτερος γίνομαι, λύπη μου τὴν ψυχὴν οὐκ ἀναλίσκει. Δοῦλος ἐὰν ὦ, δουλείαν ὑπομένω· κἂν ἐλεύθερος ὑπάρχω, τὴν εὐγένειαν οὐ σεμνύνομαι. Τὸν ἥλιον ὁρῶ πάντων τὸν αὐτόν, ἕνα δὲ κατὰ πάντων τὸν θάνατον διʼ ἡδονῆς καὶ ἐλαττώματος. Ὁ πλούσιος σπείρει, καὶ ὁ πένης τῆς αὐτῆς σπορᾶς μεταλαμβάνει· τελευτῶσιν οἱ πλουσιώτατοι, καὶ οἱ μεταιτοῦντες τὴν αὐτὴν ἔχουσι τοῦ βίου περιγραφήν. Πλειόνων χρῄζουσιν οἱ πλουτοῦντες, καὶ διʼ ἀξιοπιστίας μετὰ τῆς δόξης γίνονται· πένης δὲ καὶ ὁ μετριώτατος τῶν καθʼ ἑαυτὸν ἐφιέμενος εὐμαρέστερον περιγίνεται. Τί μοι καθʼ εἱμαρμένην ἀγρυπνεῖς διὰ φιλαργυρίαν; Τί δέ μοι καθʼ εἱμαρμένην πολλάκις ὀρεγόμενος πολλάκις ἀποθνήσκεις; Ἀπόθνησκε τῷ κόσμῳ, παραιτούμενος τὴν ἐν αὐτῷ μανίαν· ζῆθι τῷ θεῷ, διὰ τῆς αὐτοῦ καταλήψεως τὴν παλαιὰν γένεσιν παραιτούμενος. Οὐκ ἐγενόμεθα πρὸς τὸ ἀποθνήσκειν, ἀποθνήσκομεν δὲ διʼ ἑαυτούς. Ἀπώλεσεν ἡμᾶς τὸ αὐτεξούσιον· δοῦλοι γεγόναμεν οἱ ἐλεύθεροι, διὰ τὴν ἁμαρτίαν ἐπράθημεν. Οὐδὲν φαῦλον ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ πεποίηται, τὴν πονηρίαν ἡμεῖς ἀνεδείξαμεν· οἱ δὲ ἀναδείξαντες δυνατοὶ πάλιν παραιτήσασθαι.
English · Claude translation
How then shall I accept birth according to fate, when I see what kind of stewards it has? I do not wish to be a king; I do not want to be rich; I have refused military command; I have come to hate sexual immorality; I do not go to sea out of greed; I do not compete to win crowns; I am free of the craving for fame; I despise death; I rise above every kind of disease; grief does not consume my soul. If I am a slave, I endure slavery; if I am free, I do not pride myself on my good birth. I see that the sun is the same for all, and that death is one for all, whether it comes through pleasure or through want. The rich man sows, and the poor man shares in the same sowing; the very rich die, and beggars have the same span of life. The rich need more, and they get it by trading on their credit and reputation; but the poor man, who desires only what is most modest for his station, gets by more easily. Why do you lie awake for love of money, as fate would have it? Why, as fate would have it, do you so often reach out and so often die? Die to the world, rejecting the madness in it; live to God, rejecting your old birth by coming to know him. We were not made to die; we die through our own fault. Our free will has destroyed us; we who were free have become slaves; we were sold because of sin. Nothing bad was made by God; it was we who brought forth wickedness; but we who brought it forth are able to reject it again.
About this passage
Notes
Translation notes
- “Sexual immorality” renders πορνεία.
- “Die to the world … live to God” echoes Paul's language in Rom 6 and Gal 2:19.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (dittography in the digital text: σιώτατοι repeats the end of the preceding word): πλουσιώτατοι σιώτατοι → πλουσιώτατοι.
Cite this passage
Tatian, Or. Graec. 11 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/tatian-oration/11/).
Plain text
Tatian, Or. Graec. 11 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/tatian-oration/11/).
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