Oration to the Greeks 14
Summary: The demons cannot die, but their immortality will be one of punishment, which those who follow them will share.
Greek text · Otto 6:64–66
Τοιοῦτοί τινές ἐστε καὶ ὑμεῖς, ὦ Ἕλληνες, ῥήμασι μὲν στωμύλοι, γνώμην δὲ ἔχοντες ἀλλόκοτον, καὶ τὴν πολυκοιρανίην μᾶλλον ἤπερ τὴν μοναρχίαν ἐξησκήσατε, καθάπερ ἰσχυροῖς νομίζοντες δαίμοσι κατακολουθεῖν. Ὥσπερ γὰρ ὁ λῃστεύων, ἀπάνθρωπος ὤν, διὰ τόλμης τῶν ὁμοίων ἐπικρατεῖν εἴωθεν, οὕτω καὶ οἱ δαίμονες, εἰς πολλὴν κακίαν ἐξοκείλαντες, τὰς μεμονωμένας παρʼ ὑμῖν ψυχὰς διʼ ἀγνοιῶν καὶ φαντασιῶν ἐξηπατήκασιν. Οἳ θνήσκουσι μὲν οὐ ῥᾳδίως, σαρκὸς γὰρ ἀμοιροῦσι· ζῶντες δὲ θανάτου πράττουσιν ἐπιτηδεύματα, τοσαυτάκις καὶ αὐτοὶ θνήσκοντες ὁσάκις ἂν τοὺς ἑπομένους αὐτοῖς τὰς ἁμαρτίας ἐκπαιδεύσωσιν. Ὥσθʼ ὅπερ ἐστὶν αὐτοῖς περιττὸν ἐν τῷ νῦν, μὴ ὁμοίως τοῖς ἀνθρώποις ἀποθνήσκειν, τοῦθʼ ὁπότʼ ἂν μέλλωσι κολάζεσθαι παρὸν αὐτοῖς· οὐ μεθέξουσιν ἀϊδίου ζωῆς, ἀντὶ θανάτου ἐν ἀθανάτῳ μεταλαμβάνοντες. Ὥσπερ δὲ ἡμεῖς, οἷς τὸ θνήσκειν ῥᾳδίως ἀποβαίνει νῦν, εἰς αὖθις μετὰ ἀπολαύσεως ἢ τὸ ἀθάνατον ἢ τὸ λυπηρὸν μετὰ ἀθανασίας προσλαμβάνομεν, οὕτω καὶ οἱ δαίμονες τῇ νῦν ζωῇ πρὸς τὸ πλημμελεῖν καταχρώμενοι, διὰ παντὸς καὶ διὰ τοῦ ζῆν ἀποθνήσκοντες, εἰς αὖθις ἕξουσιν τὴν αὐτὴν ἀθανασίαν, ὁμοίαν τῆς παρʼ ὃν ἔζων χρόνον, κατὰ δὲ τὴν σύστασιν ὁμοίαν ἀνθρώποις τοῖς κατὰ γνώμην διαπραξαμένοις ἅπερ αὐτοῖς παρʼ ὃν ἔζων χρόνον νενομοθετήκασι. Καὶ μήτι γε τοῖς μὲν ἀνθρώποις ἐλάττονα τῆς ἁμαρτίας ἐξανθοῦσι τὰ εἴδη διὰ τὸ μὴ πολυχρονίως βιοῦν, τοῖς δὲ προειρημένοις δαίμοσι τὸ πλημμελεῖν μειζόνως ἀποβέβηκε διὰ τὸ ἄπειρον τῆς βιότητος;
English · Claude translation
You too, Greeks, are like this: glib in words but with a strange way of thinking. You have practiced the rule of many rather than monarchy, supposing that you are following powerful demons. For just as a robber, inhuman as he is, usually overpowers those like himself by his daring, so the demons, having run aground on great wickedness, have deceived the souls among you that are left alone, through ignorance and illusions. They do not die easily, for they have no share in flesh; but while they live they practice the works of death, dying themselves as often as they train their followers in sins. So what they now have as an advantage, not dying as human beings do, will still be theirs when they come to be punished: they will not share in eternal life, but will receive instead death in immortality. And just as we, for whom dying now comes easily, will afterwards receive either immortality with enjoyment or suffering with immortality, so the demons, who use their present life for wrongdoing and are dying continually even while they live, will hereafter have the same immortality as during the time they lived, but in its nature like that of the human beings who willingly did what the demons prescribed for them during their lifetime. And is it not the case that fewer kinds of sin blossom among human beings because they do not live long, while the demons' wrongdoing has grown greater because their life has no end?
About this passage
Notes
Translation notes
- “The rule of many” (πολυκοιρανίη) echoes Homer, Iliad 2.204 (“the rule of many is not good; let there be one ruler”), turned against polytheism.
- “They will not share in eternal life, but will receive instead death in immortality” takes ἀντὶ θανάτου ἐν ἀθανάτῳ μεταλαμβάνοντες as “receiving, instead [of life], death in an immortal state”; it can also be read “so as to receive it [eternal life] in place of death, in immortality.”
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (accent: grave on Οἳ before a following word): Οἵ θνήσκουσι → Οἳ θνήσκουσι.
Cite this passage
Tatian, Or. Graec. 14 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/tatian-oration/14/).
Plain text
Tatian, Or. Graec. 14 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/tatian-oration/14/).
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