Oration to the Greeks 23

Summary: Tatian condemns athletic contests and, far more, the gladiatorial games, in which the rich buy men to be killed for entertainment.

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Greek text · Otto 6:98–100

Εἶδον ἀνθρώπους ὑπὸ τῆς σωμασκίας βεβαρημένους καὶ φορτίον τῶν ἐν αὐτοῖς κρεῶν περιφέροντας, οἷς ἔπαθλα καὶ στέφανοι πρόκεινται, παρακαλουμένων αὐτοὺς τῶν ἀγωνοθετῶν, οὐκ ἐπʼ ἀνδραγαθίᾳ, ὕβρεως δὲ καὶ στάσεως φιλονεικίᾳ, καὶ τὸν μᾶλλον πλήκτην στεφανούμενον. Καὶ ταῦτα μέν ἐστι τῶν κακῶν τὰ ἐλάττονα· τὰ δὲ μείζονα τίς οὐκ ἂν ἐξειπεῖν ὀκνήσειεν; Ἀργίαν τινὲς ἐπανῃρημένοι διὰ τὴν ἀσωτίαν ἑαυτοὺς εἰς τὸ φονευθῆναι πιπράσκουσι· καὶ πωλεῖ μὲν ἑαυτὸν ὁ πονῶν, ὁ δὲ πλουτῶν ὠνεῖται τοὺς φονεύοντας. Καὶ τούτοις οἱ μαρτυροῦντες καθίζονται, μονομαχοῦσί τε οἱ πυκτεύοντες περὶ οὐδενός, καὶ ὁ βοηθήσων οὐ κάτεισιν. Ἆρα γε τὰ τοιαῦτα ὑφʼ ὑμῶν καλῶς ἐπιτελεῖται; Τὸ μὲν γὰρ στρατόπεδον τῶν μιαιφονούντων ὁ προὔχων ἐν ὑμῖν συναγείρει, λῃστοτροφεῖν ἐπαγγελλόμενος· οἱ δὲ λῃστεύοντες ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ προΐασι, καὶ πάντες ἐπὶ τὴν θέαν συνίετε κριταὶ γινόμενοι, τοῦτο μὲν πονηρίας ἀγωνοθέτου, τοῦτο δὲ καὶ αὐτῶν τῶν μονομαχούντων. Ὁ δὲ τῷ φόνῳ μὴ περιτυχὼν λυπεῖται, διότι μὴ κατεκρίθη πονηρῶν καὶ ἀθέων καὶ μιαρῶν ἔργων θεατὴς γενέσθαι. Θύετε ζῶα διὰ τὴν κρεωφαγίαν, καὶ ἀνθρώπους ὠνεῖσθε τῇ ψυχῇ τὴν ἀνθρωποφαγίαν παρεχόμενοι, τρέφοντες αὐτὴν αἱματεκχυσίαις ἀθεωτάταις. Ὁ μὲν οὖν λῃστεύων φονεύει χάριν τοῦ λαβεῖν, ὁ δὲ πλουτῶν μονομάχους ὠνεῖται χάριν τοῦ φονεύεσθαι.

English · Claude translation

I have seen men weighed down by bodily training and carrying about the burden of their flesh, for whom prizes and crowns are set out, the presidents of the games calling them on not to noble deeds but to a contest in violence and strife; and the one who hits harder is crowned. And these are the lesser evils; who would not shrink from telling the greater? Some, having taken up idleness because of their profligacy, sell themselves to be killed; the one in want sells himself, and the rich man buys those who will do the killing. The witnesses take their seats for them, and the fighters fight to the death for nothing, and no one comes down to help. Are such things well done by you? The one who is foremost among you gathers an army of bloody murderers, proclaiming that he keeps robbers; the robbers come forward from his house, and you all flock to the spectacle and become judges, both of the president of this wickedness and of the gladiators themselves. And the one who misses the slaughter is grieved that he was not condemned to be a spectator of wicked, godless, and abominable deeds. You sacrifice animals in order to eat meat, and you buy human beings to supply your soul with cannibalism, feeding it with the most godless bloodshed. The robber kills for the sake of gain, but the rich man buys gladiators for the sake of their being killed.

About this passage

Source
Otto 6:98–100 · Johann Carl Theodor Otto, ed., Tatiani Oratio ad Graecos, Corpus apologetarum Christianorum saeculi secundi 6 (Jena: Mauke, 1851) · Greek text: J. C. T. Otto, Tatiani Oratio ad Graecos (Corpus apologetarum Christianorum saeculi secundi 6, 1851), digitized by the Perseus Digital Library and published by the First Thousand Years of Greek project (Open Greek and Latin), CC BY-SA 4.0
Text
As printed in Otto, CorpApol 6. Manuscript variants and the editor's apparatus are not reproduced; no textual problem is noted in this passage.
Translation
Claude translation (claude-opus-5-5), 2026-09-26 · Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Otto (1851); made independently of existing English translations.
Compare
Ante-Nicene Fathers, vol. 2 (1885) (an older public-domain English translation, whole volume at CCEL; checked against ours only after ours was made)
Topics
Ethics

Notes

Translation notes

  • “The one who is foremost among you” is the magistrate or wealthy patron who gives the games.
  • “Cannibalism” turns back on the pagans the charge often made against Christians (see ch. 25).

Notes on the original text

  • Digital text corrected (stray raised point in the digital text between verb and object): Εἶδον· ἀνθρώπους → Εἶδον ἀνθρώπους.

Cite this passage

Tatian, Or. Graec. 23 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/tatian-oration/23/).

Plain text
Tatian, Or. Graec. 23 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/tatian-oration/23/).

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