Oration to the Greeks 27
Summary: Christians are condemned for their name without examination, while pagan atheists and skeptics are read freely; the philosophers' speculations are idle.
Greek text · Otto 6:108–112
Εἰ δὲ σὺ τῆς ἐκείνων ἀντέχῃ παιδείας, τί μοι δόξας αἱρουμένῳ δογμάτων ὧν θέλω διαμάχῃ; Πῶς γὰρ οὐκ ἄτοπον τὸν μὲν λῃστὴν διὰ τὸ ἐπικατηγορούμενον ὄνομα μὴ κολάζειν, πρὶν ἢ τἀληθὲς ἐπʼ ἀκριβείᾳ καταμανθάνειν, ἡμᾶς δὲ προλήμματι λοιδορίας ἀνεξετάστῳ μεμισηκέναι; Διαγόρας Ἀθηναῖος ἦν, ἀλλὰ τοῦτον ἐξορχησάμενον τὰ παρʼ Ἀθηναίοις μυστήρια τετιμωρήκατε· καὶ τοῖς Φρυγίοις αὐτοῦ λόγοις ἐντυγχάνοντες ἡμᾶς μεμισήκατε. Λέοντος κεκτημένοι τὰ ὑπομνήματα πρὸς τοὺς ἀφʼ ἡμῶν ἐλέγχους δυσχεραίνετε· καὶ τὰς περὶ τῶν κατʼ Αἴγυπτον θεῶν δόξας Ἀπίωνος ἔχοντες παρʼ ἑαυτοῖς ὡς ἀθεωτάτους ἡμᾶς ἐκκηρύττετε. Τάφος τοῦ Ὀλυμπίου Διὸς καθʼ ὑμᾶς δείκνυται, κἂν ψεύδεσθαί τις τοὺς Κρῆτας λέγῃ. Τῶν πολλῶν θεῶν ἡ ὁμήγυρις οὐδέν ἐστι. Κἂν ὁ καταφρονῶν αὐτῶν Ἐπίκουρος δᾳδουχῇ, τοὺς ἄρχοντας οὐδὲν πλέον τοῦ θεοῦ κατάληψιν ἣν ἔχω περὶ τῶν ὅλων ταύτην οὐκ ἀποκρύπτομαι. Τί μοι συμβουλεύεις ψεύσασθαι τὴν πολιτείαν; Τί δὲ λέγων θανάτου καταφρονεῖν διὰ τέχνης φεύγειν αὐτὸν καταγγέλλεις; Ἐγὼ μὲν οὐκ ἔχω καρδίαν ἐλάφου· τὰ δὲ τῶν ὑμετέρων λόγων ἐπιτηδεύματα κατὰ τὸν ἀμετροεπῆ Θερσίτην γίνεται. Πῶς πεισθήσομαι τῷ λέγοντι μύδρον τὸν ἥλιον καὶ τὴν σελήνην γῆν; Τὰ γὰρ τοιαῦτα λόγων ἐστὶν ἅμιλλα καὶ οὐκ ἀληθείας διακόσμησις. Ἢ πῶς οὐκ ἠλίθιον πείθεσθαι τοῖς Ἡροδώρου βιβλίοις περὶ τοῦ καθʼ Ἡρακλέα λόγου, γῆν ἄνω κηρύττουσιν, κατεληλυθέναι τε ἀπʼ αὐτῆς λέοντα τὸν ὑφʼ Ἡρακλέους φονευθέντα; Τί δʼ ἂν ὠφελήσειε λέξις Ἀττικὴ καὶ φιλοσόφων σωρεία καὶ συλλογισμῶν πιθανότητες καὶ μέτρα γῆς καὶ ἄστρων θέσεις καὶ ἡλίου δρόμοι; Τὸ γὰρ περὶ τοιαύτην ἀσχολεῖσθαι ζήτησιν νομοθετοῦντός ἐστιν ἔργον ἑαυτῷ τὰ δόγματα.
English · Claude translation
If you hold to their education, why do you fight with me for choosing the teachings I want? How is it not absurd that a robber is not punished because of the name he is charged with until the truth has been carefully established, but that we are hated because of an unexamined prejudice born of slander? Diagoras was an Athenian, but you punished him for divulging the Athenian mysteries; and yet you read his Phrygian discourses and hate us. You possess the memoirs of Leo and are annoyed at our refutations; you keep Apion's opinions about the Egyptian gods among yourselves, and yet you denounce us as utterly godless. A tomb of Olympian Zeus is shown among you, even though someone says the Cretans are liars. The assembly of your many gods is nothing. Even if Epicurus, who despises them, serves as their torchbearer, I will not any the more hide from the rulers the understanding of God that I hold concerning the universe. Why do you advise me to be false to my way of life? And why, while saying that you despise death, do you urge people to escape it by art? I do not have the heart of a deer; but the practices of your speeches are like those of Thersites, who talked without measure. How shall I be persuaded by someone who says that the sun is a red-hot lump and the moon an earth? Such things are a contest of words, not an ordering of the truth. Or how is it not foolish to believe the books of Herodorus on the story of Heracles, which proclaim an earth above, and say that the lion killed by Heracles came down from it? What use would Attic diction be, and heaps of philosophers, and plausible syllogisms, and measurements of the earth, and positions of the stars, and courses of the sun? To be occupied with such inquiries is the work of one who makes up his teachings for himself.
About this passage
Notes
Translation notes
- Diagoras of Melos (called here an Athenian) was condemned for mocking the mysteries; his “Phrygian discourses” are lost.
- Leo of Pella wrote that the gods were deified men; Apion, an Alexandrian grammarian, wrote on the Egyptian gods.
- “The Cretans are liars”: the line of Epimenides (quoted also in Titus 1:12), which Callimachus used against the Cretan claim to have Zeus's tomb.
- “Heart of a deer” (Iliad 1.225) and Thersites “who talked without measure” (Iliad 2.212) are Homeric.
- The sun as a red-hot lump and the moon as an earth are the views of Anaxagoras.
- “Even if Epicurus … concerning the universe”: the sentence is awkward in the Greek; it seems to mean that, though a famous skeptic may take part in the rites, Tatian will not for that reason conceal his own faith from the authorities.
Cite this passage
Tatian, Or. Graec. 27 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/tatian-oration/27/).
Plain text
Tatian, Or. Graec. 27 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/tatian-oration/27/).
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