To Autolycus 1.13

Summary: Nature is full of pictures of resurrection: seasons, seeds, trees, the moon, and recovery from illness.

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Greek text · Otto 8:36–42

Ἀλλὰ καὶ τὸ ἀρνεῖσθαί σε νεκροὺς ἐγείρεσθαι· φῂς γὰρ Δεῖξόν μοι κἂν ἕνα ἐγερθέντα ἐκ νεκρῶν, ἵνα ἰδὼν πιστεύσω· πρῶτον μὲν τί μέγα, εἰ θεασάμενος τὸ γεγονὸς πιστεύσῃς; Εἶτα πιστεύεις μὲν Ἡρακλέα καύσαντα ἑαυτὸν ζῆν καὶ Ἀσκληπιὸν κεραυνωθέντα ἐγηγέρθαι. Τὰ δὲ ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ σοι γενόμενα ἀπιστεῖς; Ἴσως καὶ ἐπιδείξω σοι νεκρὸν ἐγερθέντα καὶ ζῶντα, καὶ τοῦτο ἀπιστήσεις. Ὁ μὲν οὖν θεός σοι πολλὰ τεκμήρια ἐπιδείκνυσιν εἰς τὸ πιστεύειν αὐτῷ. Εἰ γὰρ βούλει, κατανόησον τὴν τῶν καιρῶν καὶ ἡμερῶν καὶ νυκτῶν τελευτήν, πῶς καὶ αὐτὰ τελευτᾶ καὶ ἀνίσταται. Τί δὲ καὶ οὐχὶ ἡ τῶν σπερμάτων καὶ καρπῶν γινομένη ἐξανάστασις, καὶ τοῦτο εἰς τὴν χρῆσιν τῶν ἀνθρώπων; Εἰ γὰρ τύχοι εἰπεῖν, κόκκος σίτου ἢ τῶν λοιπῶν σπερμάτων, ἐπὰν βληθῇ εἰς τὴν γῆν, πρῶτον ἀποθνήσκει καὶ λύεται, εἶτα ἐγείρεται καὶ γίνεται στάχυς. Ἡ δὲ τῶν δένδρων καὶ ἀκροδρύων φύσις, πῶς οὐχὶ κατὰ πρόσταγμα θεοῦ ἐξ ἀφανοῦς καὶ ἀοράτου κατὰ καιροὺς προφέρουσιν τοὺς καρπούς; Ἔτι μὴν ἐνίοτε καὶ στρουθίον ἢ τῶν λοιπῶν πετεινῶν, καταπιὸν σπέρμα μηλέας ἢ συκῆς ἤ τινος ἑτέρου, ἦλθεν ἐπί τινα λόφον πετρώδη ἢ τάφον καὶ ἀφώδευσεν, κἀκεῖνο δραξάμενον ἀνέφυ δένδρον, τό ποτε καταποθὲν καὶ διὰ τοσαύτης θερμασίας διελθόν. Ταῦτα δὲ πάντα ἐνεργεῖ ἡ τοῦ θεοῦ σοφία, εἰς τὸ ἐπιδεῖξαι καὶ διὰ τούτων ὅτι δυνατός ἐστιν ὁ θεὸς ποιῆσαι τὴν καθολικὴν ἀνάστασιν ἁπάντων ἀνθρώπων. Εἰ δὲ καὶ θαυμασιώτερον θέαμα θέλεις θεάσασθαι γινόμενον πρὸς ἀπόδειξιν ἀναστάσεως, οὐ μόνον τῶν ἐπιγείων πραγμάτων ἀλλὰ καὶ τῶν ἐν οὐρανῷ, κατανόησον τὴν ἀνάστασιν τῆς σελήνης τὴν κατὰ μῆνα γενομένην, πῶς φθίνει ἀποθνήσκει ἀνίσταται πάλιν. Ἔτι ἄκουσον καὶ ἐν σοὶ αὐτῷ ἔργον ἀναστάσεως γινόμενον, κἂν ἀγνοεῖς, ὦ ἄνθρωπε. Ἴσως γάρ ποτε νόσῳ περιπεσὼν ἀπώλεσάς σου τὰς σάρκας καὶ τὴν ἰσχὺν καὶ τὸ εἶδος, ἐλέους δὲ τυχὼν παρὰ θεοῦ καὶ ἰάσεως πάλιν ἀπέλαβές σου τὸ σῶμα καὶ τὸ εἶδος καὶ τὴν ἰσχύν· καὶ ὥσπερ οὐκ ἔγνως ποῦ ἐπορεύθησάν σου αἱ σάρκες ἀφανεῖς γενόμεναι, οὕτως οὐκ ἐπίστασαι οὐδὲ πόθεν ἐγένοντο ἢ πόθεν ἦλθον. Ἀλλὰ ἐρεῖς· ἐκ τροφῶν καὶ χυμῶν ἐξαιματουμένων. Καλῶς· ἀλλὰ καὶ τοῦτο ἔργον θεοῦ τοῦ οὕτω δημιουργήσαντος, καὶ οὐκ ἄλλο τινός.

English · Claude translation

And as for your denying that the dead are raised, when you say, “Show me even one person raised from the dead, so that I may see and believe”: first, what great thing is it if you believe once you have seen it happen? Besides, you believe that Heracles, who burned himself, is alive, and that Asclepius, struck by lightning, was raised; and do you disbelieve what God has done for you? Perhaps I could even show you a dead man raised and alive, and you would disbelieve that too. God shows you many proofs so that you may believe him. If you wish, consider the ending of seasons and days and nights, how they too die and rise again. And what of the resurrection of seeds and fruits, which takes place for the use of human beings? For example, a grain of wheat or of any other seed, when it is cast into the earth, first dies and is dissolved, then is raised and becomes an ear. And the trees and fruit trees: do they not, by God's command, bring forth their fruits in their seasons out of what is hidden and invisible? Sometimes, too, a sparrow or some other bird swallows the seed of an apple or a fig or some other tree, comes to a rocky hill or a tomb and drops it there, and the seed takes hold and grows into a tree, though it had once been swallowed and had passed through so much heat. All these things the wisdom of God brings about, to show through them too that God is able to bring about the general resurrection of all human beings. And if you wish to see a still more wonderful sight that proves the resurrection, not only among earthly things but among heavenly ones too, consider the resurrection of the moon that happens every month: how it wanes, dies, and rises again. Hear, too, of a work of resurrection taking place in you yourself, O man, even if you do not know it. Perhaps you once fell ill and lost your flesh, your strength, and your looks; but receiving mercy and healing from God, you recovered your body, your looks, and your strength. And just as you did not know where your flesh went when it disappeared, so you do not know where it came from or how it came back. But you will say, “From food and juices turned into blood.” Very well; but this too is the work of God, who designed it so, and of no one else.

About this passage

Source
Otto 8:36–42 · Johann Carl Theodor Otto, ed., Theophili episcopi Antiocheni ad Autolycum libri tres, Corpus apologetarum Christianorum saeculi secundi 8 (Jena: Mauke, 1861) · Greek text: J. C. T. Otto, Theophili episcopi Antiocheni ad Autolycum libri tres (Corpus apologetarum Christianorum saeculi secundi 8, 1861), digitized by the Perseus Digital Library and published by the First Thousand Years of Greek project (Open Greek and Latin), CC BY-SA 4.0
Translation
Claude translation (claude-opus-5-5), 2026-09-26 · Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Otto (1861); made independently of existing English translations.
Scripture
Topics
Eschatology

Notes

Translation notes

  • The seed that dies and rises echoes John 12:24 and 1 Cor 15:36–37.

Notes on the original text

  • Digital text corrected (accent: grave on κἂν before a following word; misprint: γεγόμενα for γενόμενα; misprint: ξῆν for ζῆν (“lives”)): Δεῖξόν μοι κἄν ἕνα → Δεῖξόν μοι κἂν ἕνα; καύσαντα ἑαυτὸν ξῆν → καύσαντα ἑαυτὸν ζῆν; ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ σοι γεγόμενα → ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ σοι γενόμενα.

Cite this passage

Theophilus, Autol. 1.13 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/theophilus-autolycus/1/13/).

Plain text
Theophilus, Autol. 1.13 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/theophilus-autolycus/1/13/).

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